– CE Marking is a certification mark that indicates conformity with health, safety, and environmental protection standards for products sold within the European Economic Area (EEA).[1] The CE marking is also found on products sold outside the EEA that are manufactured in, or designed to be sold in, the EEA. This makes the CE marking recognizable worldwide even to people who are not familiar with the European Economic Area. It is in that sense similar to the FCC Declaration of Conformity used on certain electronic devices sold in the United States.

The CE marking is the manufacturer’s declaration that the product meets the requirements of the applicable EC directives.
The directives requiring CE marking affect the following product groups:

  • Active implantable medical devices (excludes surgical instruments)
  • Appliances burning gaseous fuels
  • Cableway installations designed to carry persons
  • Construction products according to Regulation (EU) No. 305/2011under specific rules
  • Eco-design of energy related products
  • Electromagnetic compatibility
  • Equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres
  • Explosives for civil uses
  • Hot-water boilers
  • In vitro diagnostic medical devices
  • Lifts
  • Low voltage
  • Machinery
  • Measuring instruments
  • Medical devices
  • Noise emission in the environment
  • Non-automatic weighing instruments
  • Personal protective equipment
  • Pressure equipment
  • Pyrotechnics
  • Radio Equipment
  • Recreational craft
  • Restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment RoHS 2
  • Safety of toys
  • Simple pressure vesselsThere are numerous ‘Agreements on Mutual Recognition of Conformity Assessment’ between the European Union and other countries such as the USA, Japan, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Israel.
    Switzerland and Turkey (which are not members of the EEA) also require products to bear CE marking as an affirmation of conformity.

    – E Marking is a United Nations mark for approved vehicles and vehicle components sold into the EU. And in some other countries under UN-ECE Regulation 10. Regulation 10 replaced the ‘Automotive Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive’ 2004/104/EC (AEMCD) in November 2014. Intended to promote free trade throughout the European Union and the wider EEA. Any original or aftermarket ESA or a part of the vehicle needs to be approved before it can be sold. The regulation contains a flow diagram to help determine if the ESA falls within its scope. Along with items that connect via a  standard already approved interface. Rechargeable Electric Energy Storage Systems’ (REESS) or more commonlyknown as charging systems. Intended to provide energy for electric propulsion of the vehicle are also within the scope of the regulation.
    EU certification (referred to as EC), the e-Mark: e-Mark is based on EU Directive and is a safety certification mark. Which the European Commission requires that member states apply it on a motor vehicle, parts and systems.
    If one state grants approval then it is deemed sufficient for all other member states.  Certification of Economic Commission for Europe (referred to as ECE, United Nations agency), the E-Mark: E-Mark is the regulations issued by the Economic Commission for Europe (referred to as ECE). E-Mark logo is a circular frame. The number is the EU country or state number that granted the approval. If one state grants approval then it is deemed sufficient for all other member states.
    Additional immunity testing and also full e-marking or E-marking type approval, if the ESA fitted to a vehicle can affect the driver’s control of the vehicle. Thus a self-declaration based upon non.- safety related ESA does not apply. Types of effects that may cause the driver to have impaired control of the vehicle may include; ABS braking, brake lights, Headlights, indicators, visual or audio impairment such as loud alarm noises, flashing dashboard lights or indicators.

– MD2006/42WE – The mandatory conformity assessment program within the scope of the Machinery Directive covers products listed in Annex IV of the Directive. These include:

* Mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic presses, including press brakes, for cold metal working;

* Injection molding machines or presses for plastic products, with manual feeding or receiving;

* Injection molding machines or presses for rubber products, with manual feeding or receiving;

* Circular saws, band saws;

* Planing machines;

* Milling machines;

* Lifts for servicing vehicles;

* Devices for lifting people or/and goods, posing a risk of falling from a height of more than 3 meters.

A summary of the positive mandatory assessment of a product within the scope of the Machinery Directive is the issuance of an EC Type Examination Certificate.

– EMC 2014/35/EU – The Low Voltage Directive covers all electrical equipment and components designed for use with a voltage rating of between 50 and 1000 V for alternating current and between 75 and 1500 V for direct current. The Low Voltage Directive defines which products fall within its field of application, it provides the essential (safety) requirements that electrical equipment and components covered by it must comply with, and it outlines the conformity assessment procedure the manufacturer must apply in order to ensure compliance with the essential requirements.

– RED 2014/35EU – The Directive “Radio determination” equipment, such as radars and RFID devices. These devices were considered to be within the scope of the R&TTE Directive, but the RED’s scope is much clearer making it more obvious that they are included and must comply.
* Sound and TV broadcast receivers – these were excluded under R&TTE, so will now have additional requirements for radio spectrum performance.
* Receiver performance” – whilst this was covered in a number of ETSI product standards, its importance in an increasingly congested radio spectrum has made it part of the Directive.
* Devices operating below 9 kHz – the lower frequency limit of R&TTE was 9 kHz, but that has been removed.
In line with other directives there is a specific exclusion for Custom-built evaluation kits destined for professionals to be used solely at research and development facilities for such purposes.

– ATEX 2014/34/EU – The ATEX Directive 2014/34/EU covers equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres. The directive defines the essential health and safety requirements and conformity assessment procedures, to be applied before products are placed on the EU market. It is aligned with the new legislative framework policy, and it is applicable from 20 April 2016, replacing the previous Directive 94/9/EC.
The ATEX ‘workplace’ Directive 1999/92/EC deals with the minimum requirements for improving the level of health and safety protection of workers potentially at risk from explosive atmospheres.

This directive complements the responsibilities of manufacturers under Directive 2014/34/EU by setting out the responsibilities of employers.